With time the technological advancements and
scientific developments have helped in reducing the infertility problems in
both the sexes. The techniques known as assisted reproduction treatments such
as In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), Intrauterine Insemination (IUI), Intracytoplasmic Sperm
Injection (ICSI), Assisted Hatching (AH), etc. have provided aid to patients in
attaining the joys of parenthood.
Comprehending the importance of awareness of the
various options available for artificial insemination we bring you a brief introduction
to the IVF technique.
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is an out
of the body process wherein the egg is combined with the sperm in a petri dish
for the process of fertilization,and when the egg transforms into an embryo, it
is transferred to the mother’s uterus with the help of a catheter.
Before entering the treatment, it is essential to
understand what will follow once the treatment begins. Therefore, knowing about
every step involved is inevitable.
Step 1: Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation
·
This step is same as Ovulation Induction Treatment. It includes
the usage of the fertility drugsfor induction of ovulation in women that have
anovulation.
·
These medications are utilized to stimulate the development of
multiple eggs and mature follicles to improve the chances of success of
pregnancy.
·
In a way, the patient is given -
Medications for ovarian stimulation
Drugs for egg (oocyte) maturation
Medications to prevent premature ovulation
Medicines to prepare the lining of your uterus
Step 2: Egg Retrieval
·
Usually, 34-36 hours before egg retrieval, an HCG (hormonal)
injection is given to help with the egg maturation.
·
During egg
retrieval, the patient is sedated and given pain medications.
·
Usually
Transvaginal ultrasound is used as an egg retrieval method but if ovaries are
not accessible through this ultrasound surgical method is used.
·
In the Transvaginal
Ultrasound - A thin needle is inserted into follicles to extract the eggs under
the guidance of ultrasound.
·
In the surgical
method – A tiny incision is made near the navel, and then a laparoscope is
inserted to guide the needle in.
·
The eggs are retrieved
from the follicles through a needle attached to a suction device.
·
Then the matured
eggs are incubated and placed in a culture medium.
Step 3: Sperm Retrieval
·
The patient’s partner provides a
semen sample to the doctor on the morning of egg retrieval.
·
Sometimes a surgical process is
also required to extract the sperm directly from the testicles, or a sperm
donor can also be used.
Step 4: Fertilization and Embryo Culture
·
After the eggs are
recovered, they are combined with the sperm collected, for the process of
fertilization.
·
Sometimes if there
is an issue with the sperm such as low count, poor quality or low motility, a
technique known as ICSI
(Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) is used.
·
The egg and sperm
are then monitored for fertilization. Once the fertilization takes place, the
embryos are allowed to develop for about 2 to 5 days.
Step 5: Embryo Transfer
·
Once the embryos are developed, they are examined so that the healthiest
one is selected for the transfer.
·
Before the transfer, the doctor may or may not give a mild sedative to
the patient.
·
To transfer the embryo, the doctor will insert a flexible, thin, long
tube (catheter) into the vagina, through the cervix into the uterus. A syringe
containing the embryo is attached to the catheter.
·
However, after embryo transplant, it’s
important to take precautions to avoid the side-effects such as Breast tenderness due to high estrogen levels,
bloating, cramping, constipation, etc.
Step 6: Pregnancy Test
After
10 days of the implantation, the patient is tested for the pregnancy. The above mentioned steps are performed cautiously during the process of artificial insemination through In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) to make it a success. However, it should be kept in mind that the treatment doesn’t guarantee a 100% success rate.
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ReplyDeleteWonderful illustrated information. I thank you about that. No doubt it will be very useful for my future projects. Would like to see some other posts on the same subject!
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